The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.